TRANSPORT, MINING AND BUILDING MACHINERY ENGINEERING
The processes of value changing of the restitution coefficient in a direct сentral impact of deformable bodies are presented, because values of the restitution coefficient are necessary for calculation the striker dynamics and the tool in the construction mechanisms and mining machines. The of kinetic energy loss of the colliding bodies after each impact is interrelated with the module of the restitution coefficient , which can vary for the same material from 0 to 1 at a different geometry of the interacting bodies .The analysis of the coefficient changes because of the recovery factor from the geometry of the colliding bodies is shown. At low impact velocities, when the bodies have the same shape and weight or when they hit the rob or the globe on a massive and hard obstacle, the recovery factor is approximately equal 1. When short rod hits to long and with the same diameters and the materials of the bodies, the restitution coefficient is equal the ratio of the lengths of the rods and it is also equal zero at impact of the rod on a thin plate. It is more rational to determine the restitution coefficient experimentally for bodies of complex shape. Experimental setup for determination of the recovery coefficient is observed, when it is theoretically difficult to calculate, especially at small impact velocities on horizontal and vertical stands or at medium and high speeds, or in Koper, operating on the principle of accumulation of energy for the shot. It is possible to vary not only the different geometry and materials of the colliding bodies, but also their convergence rate before contact.
Introduction: the main feature of operation of cranes-pipe layers is work in difficult ground conditions, which significantly affects the operating mode of the machine. This factor is one of the main reason leading to the rocking of the load on the crane-pipe laying machine gibbet and as a consequence it leads to emergency and contingency situations. In the research the forced vibration of the load on the crane-pipe layer gibbet and the causes of their occurrence and the problems to which they lead are observed. Engineering solutions of predecessors are considered. A new approach to the solution of these problems is proved.
Materials and methods: the design scheme of the crane-pipe laying machine is justified, assumptions are accepted, coordinate systems are introduced, and a mathematical model of the crane-pipe-laying machine is compiled.
Results: the following time dependences are constructed: the deflection of the cargo in the transverse plane of the crane-pipe layer (horizontalvibrations), the deflection of the cargo in the longitudinal plane of the pipe laying crane, the roll of the base machine, the change in the load moment are also constructed. The influence of the horizontal vibrations of the load on the change in the load moment and the occurrence of vertical vibrations is determined.
Discussion and conclusion: the effect of horizontal vibrations on the change of the load moment is evaluated and as a consequence of the negative effect on the stability of the crane-pipe laying machine is presented.
TRANSPORT
The article presents the results in the theoretical research, which influence on the rolling stock vehicles’ usage as the basis of new tasks solution,and it also presents the workload model of the participants in the international supply chain. The necessity of the proposed recommendations’ application for the analysis and control of the transportation process, distinctive feature of which is to obtain an objective assessment of the transport implementation based on the use of the time factor movement is proposed as the model to change the volume of traffic depending on the values of this coefficient. The basis of the research consists of the chain substitutions’ methods and the comparison index. The problem, the developed block-scheme and algorithm of adjustment factor calculation and the traffic volume dependence. According to these factors the approbation of the proposed recommendations in the form of numerical simulation is applied to the motor transport enterprise in Saratov region. The conclusion about the recommended indicator appropriateness to aligning the starting points on the scale and the technical and operational characteristics is made. The formation of the «time window» as the instrument of the given rhythm regulation, distribution of responsibility in the supply chain is proposed.
The most common method of controlling the motor oil detergent-dispersant properties is the «drop sample» method (the applying process of the engine oil drop to the filter paper -»blue tape» and the calculating process of the drop sample with an oil stain characteristics). The characteristic zones’ size and the entire oil stain depends on the engine oil condition, but the amount of applied engine oil is affected to the large extent by the size of the oil stain. The stability of the oil droplet mass increases the monitoring accuracy of the engine oil. The article clarifies how much the motor oil droplet mass varies when applied by the same way. The simple and low-cost products are used to apply the motor oil drop. The evaluation is carried out by measuring the certain number of drops masses on high-precision scales. The errors which occur when the engine oil drop is applied to the filter paper-»blue tape» and their influence on the final result are estimated. The conclusions about the significance of the motor oil droplet mass changing which could influence on the characteristic zones’ size of the drop sample are made.
Introduction: The article analyzes the performance indicators’ formation, identifies the main problems in solving the problem of assessing the urban public passenger transport systemeffectiveness. The article demonstrates the approaches to the correlation between the efficiency and effectiveness concepts and gives the most significant interpretations of the effectiveness in accordance with the standards.
Materials and methods: The methods and tools of quality management, of the system, the structural and comparative analysis are used in the research. In the development of calculation indicators, the aim- oriented,multiparameter, value-oriented, multi-level approaches are applied for assessing the system effectiveness.
Results The indicators are created in the work in accordance with accepted standards in terms of the three components of the «passenger-carrier- department» system, which take into account the interests of each side.There are such areas in which the interests ofthe passenger, the carrier and the customer coincide despite the difference in the interests. Discussions and conclusions: The purpose of the work is to generate indicators for the integrated effectiveness indicator development, and to complement the indicators by the transport servicessocial standard of 2017. Such indicators of performance evaluation could be used to develop the key integrated indicator of the system effectiveness, taking into account the interests of the three sides in urban public transportsystem.
The article presents some aspects of the rental vehicles’ practice on the terms by an hourly pay. The specified activities for vehicles’ providing represent daily work of the significant amount of the enterprises. It defines the researches relevance in this area of the freight automobile transportations theory and practice. The article defines the necessity in the solution of the transportation distance influence on the rental vehicles working results in the city, in cargo transportation on the pendulum route with reverse and not loaded mileage. The gained solution is submitted on the example of the commercial cargo transportation by the rent vehicles group with a loading capacity of 1,5 tons at the condition of two tariffs application. The method of handling works’ accomplishment is mechanized method. The description model in the small auto transport system of cargo transportation is applied in operational planning as a mathematical apparatus of research. The output in tons, the possible work time of vehicles for each considered range distance are defined. The dependence of the rental group vehicles cost, one ton of freight transportation cost and time efficiency from the transportation distance changing is established. The checking process of the founded dependences on the adequacy of the researching process is made.
The clustering of Latin American countries with the aim of identifying the priority directions of the transport links’ organization is presented for ensuring the foreign trade relations with the Russian Federation. The choice of trade Russian partners in Latin America by cluster analysis, which uses the statistical R- environment is performed. Such clustering indicators as the population, the territory size and GDP in absolute terms and per capita are used. The optimal number of clusters, which is equal to 4 is determined at the first stage, at the second stage the countries’ clustering in Latin America is carried out, at last the statistical evaluation of the results is given. The most promising for the foreign trade relations development with Russia are the first cluster countries. This cluster is formed by the great number of countries and therefore, it could be named «typical» one. The potential of these countries in transportation service of trade flows is estimated on the basis of the Logistics Performance Index’ rating (LPI is published in 2016 by the World Bank). The results of the cluster analysis show that the research has good prospects of practical implementation in the future, because most countries are located on the Pacific coast and have a land border between themselves.
Introduction. In the practice of the motor transport enterprise (ATP) of the city of Omsk, the largest number of contracts falls on transportation of goods in the city and in intercity communication. For the current planning, the technotransfinplan technique is used, in which no distinctions are made between plans for the transport of goods in the city and in long-distance communication, since all calculations are performed on the hourly rolling stock performance. The actual results of ATP work do not correspond to the planned indicators. ATP activities are carried out in conditions of uncertainty under the influence of random factors and the principles of system analysis that were implemented in specific situations at the time of their creation can not be applied in the methodology of the current planning of cargo ATP operation in modern conditions.
Materials and methods.The methodological basis for conducting experimental and theoretical studies in this paper is a systematic analysis. The structural-functional representation about the object is used for the study, and the model for the analysis of the labor process serves as the basis for the decomposition, and takes into account the ATP operation in the current mode.
Results. The use of the system analysis allowed to develop a general scheme of the research, which includes theoretical and experimental research. The aim of the research and the concept of the methodology for the current planning of the cargo ATP are formulated.
Conclusions.The implementation of the developed methodology in the practice of ATP in the transportation of goods in the city and in intercity communication will allow to fulfill the terms of contracts and to profit the ATP due to the interrelation of commercial and technical exploitation.
The article discusses the problem associated with the operation of a vehicle in a cold climate, where we should take special measures to maintain a favorable temperature mode of the battery of the internal combustion engine. Examines factors affecting the condition of the engine and car battery. The analysis of factors influencing starting of the vehicle in conditions of low negative temperatures. The degree of influence of internal resistance of the battery to start the vehicle. The article deals with the problem associated with the operation of the car in conditions of low negative temperatures, the necessity of taking special measures to maintain the optimum temperature regime of the battery is justified. The analysis of the factors influencing the launch of the car in conditions of low negative temperatures is carried out. The factors affecting the state of the vehicle’s battery are considered. The influence of the value of the internal resistance of the battery on the power indicators of the electric starter system and, accordingly, on the probability of starting the engine of the car is shown. To confirm the theoretical assumptions, experimental investigations were carried out, during which the dependences of the internal resistance of the battery on the temperature of the electrolyte and the degree of its charge were obtained. According to the results of the study, it is proposed to use a device that provides pre-start preparation of the battery to increase the probability of starting the engine in conditions of low negative temperatures.
CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE
Introduction. For increasing the efficiency of natural ventilation systems, it is possible to use the thermal incentives - additional heating of the exhaust ventilation duct, which allows to expand temperature difference between ambient and exhaust air and to increase the circulation effect. This method enables stable air exchange in hot period, independently of the wind direction force. However, existing systems have several limitations of application in the high-rise apartment building in countries with a cold climate. The aim of the study is to develop a thermal inducement ventilation systems, suitable for typical residential apartment buildings in russian climate.
Results. The article theoretically proves the disadvantages of existing thermal inducement ventilation systems. The article also presents the results of numerical modeling of natural convection currents in the high-rise apartment building. The dependence of outlet velocity on temperature difference for various heating methods is proved on the basis of the research.
Conclusion. The results of the research illustrate the high level of the heating area location influence on free convection currents in vent duct.
The article considers the variants of profiled sheeting application as permanent formwork in monolithic and precast-monolithic designs of overlappings. Their advantages and disadvantages are described. The proposed method of improvement is presented, the results of which is a new structure overlapping with the lower vaulted surface. The influence of the spacer efforts, which were previously obtained by the method of calculation is realized in the structure of floors with the lower vaulted surface. The research presents experimental studies of the fragments overlap slightly deepened underground pedestrian crossings with the lower vaulted surface. The test circuit corresponding to the overlap with the lower vaulted surface in different structural systems is reviewed. The values of thrust, in arched fragments of the slab from uniformly distributed and concentrated loads. The comparison of experienced and theoretical values of thrust obtained by previously proposed methods is made.
The natural vibration frequencies’ calculation of the pedestrian bridges’ span structures is still practically valued. Such factors as dynamic effects, elements’ structural features, the neglection of which is the norm in the classical hinge-rod model of the span structure, provide a significant influence on the dynamic characteristics of the longitudinal girders. Not taking into account the real conditions of the span structure supporting leads to the appearance in them of the vertical oscillations’ period in an unacceptable interval of 0.45 ... 0.60 s (in accordance with SP35.13330.2011). The appropriate preliminary calculations in engineering practice are based on approximate methods. However, the existing methods for determining the values of the oscillations’ intrinsic period of the span structures, which are based on the simplifications and the assumptions, have the significant calculation error. The research suggests the approximate method for determining the values of the intrinsic oscillations’ period of the span supported structures with the rubber-metal support parts. The proposed method is based on the work [1], the calculation scheme is also defined, the most accurate analytical expressions are also obtained on the differential equation solution basis. The longitudinal beams of the flyover along the M-60 «Ussuri» highway, in Khabarovsk-Vladivostok section 747- 750 km of the PK 156 + 132 are calculated as an example in the research.
The active introduction of geosynthetic materials into road construction as the reinforcing structural elements of pavements, restrains by the absence of the evidently-based and experimentally confirmed theory of calculation of pavements with reinforcing layers. The results of the two-layered base made of crushed stone and sand, which are reinforced by geogrid with steel fibers in a polyethylene sheath are presented in the article. The deformation of the reinforced structure regularities are revealed and the deformation characteristics are obtained. The calculations model of reinforced layer made of the crushed stone is considered as the multilayered plate on the elastic basis, which consists of any layers number, which are rigidly linked among themselves. The lower layer with reinforcement has the physicomechanical characteristics which are determined by Foygt’s averaging method and which is significantly different from characteristics of overlying layers. The sand layer performs the role of the elastic basis. This calculations model may be used for the «without reinforcement construction». Thus the lower reinforcing layer and the layers, which are located in tensile zone are excluded from the calculation scheme. The Bubnov-Galerkina’s method is used for the calculation of the multilayered plate on the elastic basis. The proved coincidence of theoretical and experimental results is received. The reinforcing effect on deflections is established in the research.
The research of the HPS effectiveness and the area of their application because of the wide application in the construction of hinged facade systems (NFS) with a ventilated air interlayer is actual nowadays. The fullscale experimental study of the temperature change in the facade height in the summer period is carried out. The differential equation for the distribution of temperature along the interlayer height is used for the process of the experimental data. To simplify the processing of the experimental data, in this differential equation the variability is made. The equation contains two parameters, which depend on the temperature of the outside solution. The equation is represented in finite differences and by means of such equation the determination of the parameters of the equation from the experimental data is obtained. The calculation of the differential equation with the found parameters is presented. The calculations from the obtained equation are compared with the experimental data. The comparative analysis shows an acceptable error between calculated and experimental data. The developed technique for the equation parameters’ determination makes it possible to find the numerical values of the air gap characteristics, which would increase the calculations’ accuracy for the operational HFS parameters’ determination in their thermal performance.
The article provides the results of the analysis of normative, scientific Russian and International literature on the issues of the features of the formation and functioning sustainable street network, also the classification of urban streets is presented. The generalized street classification is formed on the basis of the analysis results, and the approach to street design as multimodal communications and public spaces is presented. On the example of international practice, the features of sustainable street network formation in accordance with principles of green urban mobility in different types of urban environment are studied. The mixed-use development pattern of the city center is chosen as an experimental research site, because the solution of the issues in the city center is one of the most complex task for transportation planning. As a result of approbation of urban street classification and street design approach on the example of Irkutsk city center, the following street types are proposed: urban avenue, multimodal streets and preferential streets. The results of the research present a good example of the street redesign solutions for the transport management and future green transportation system development.
About 45% of the ashes slag is formed by the burning process. The carbon residuum’ destination is the main problem question while using the slag in the solution and in the concrete as the technogenic ground and so on. Some researches show that such residuum worsen the slag’s quality. But other researches present their minimal influence on the material properties. On the results of the thermal analysis, the low-temperature desorption argon’s method and chemical analysis, it is concluded that the p.p.p. size couldn’t characterize ashes’ appropriateness for the construction purposes, while such carbon residuum characteristics as corrosion stability to the water, air, alkali and acidity are not considered. The danger of the carbon residuum is determined not by their quantity, but by their quality. Despite of the carbon particles’ increasing to the 4-8 one in the carbon residuum while the burning process, the maintenance of the soluble part decrease to the 2-5 ones.
The permissible deviations (limiting errors) are given in the normative documents from the design values of the structural layers of the road clothes construction, but the accuracy standards are not separately for construction and geodetic work in the construction of bases and coatings. The article presents the differences in the allowable deviations’ values in SNiPs and in their updated rules’ editions - codes of rules for the highways construction, the differences in the sets of road vehicles with automatic and without automatic systems of specified elevations, the steps of leveling in the design and the finished construction layers’ acceptance of road clothes. The discrepancy between the requirements in regulatory documents for the highway construction, and the requirements in regulatory documents on geodetic support for the accuracy of construction are shown. The maintenance of the geodetic control of base unevenness construction and cover surfaces during the IV and V of public roads’ construction and departmental ones with the road machines’ usage with automatic system of holding elevations for different coefficients of constructing layers technological processes in leveling through 5, 10 and 20 m. The values of the errors and maximum distances from optical levels of the type H-3 are given for the uneven ground and road surfaces’ dressing control. It is recommended in the research to perform geodetic control for base and cover devices using standard errors with confidence probabilities P = 0,90 and P = 0,95.
The experimental and theoretical research of the single-span reinforced concrete beam with artificial flaw in tension area under the action of static short-term loads is performed. The stress-strain state of the structure, based on numerical simulation using finite element software system ANSYS, is investigated. The results of numerical simulation are compared with the experimental results. It is shown that under static short-term loads, the beams with pre-cracking have the crack formation of significantly different nature in comparison with the beams without pre-cracking. The comparative analysis of the experimental data of the reinforced concrete beam under short-term loading with the results of ANSYS Software program modeling is carried out in the article. The introduction of the artificial defects to the tension area of beams would lead to the significant change in the stress- strain state of the structure and to «mild» nature of its deformation. The result of such beams deflections under the load is less than deflections of beams without artificial flaws. The recommendations on the beams’ designing with artificial flaws are given in the article. The results of the modeling cracks’ feasibility in the manufacturing process are demonstrated in the research, because there are the possibilities to regulate the stress fields.
The paper analyses the influence of the method for obtaining petroleum road bitumen on the stability of their structure. Stability evaluation is carried out by studying the resistance of the structure to destructive processes. The main features of the thermo-oxidative aging processes occurring in oxidized and residual compounded road bitumen are considered. The modeling of the thermo-oxidative aging process is carried out by the TFOT method. Studies of the degradation of binders are carried out over a long period of time, the evaluation of destructive processes in bitumen is obtained by different methods was carried out by means of a differential method. The characters of the change in the properties of bitumen after aging are established. The contribution of the raw material (oxidized and residual bitumen) of the polymer-bitumen binder to its resistance to thermal and oxidative aging is studied. The complex effect of the raw material on the properties characterizing the quality of the modified binder and its resistance to degradation is made using the multicriteria optimization method. Specific quality criteria has been developed that take into account the structural sensitivity to destruction and the direction of changes in properties modified by the polymer, which binds after thermal oxidative aging. Optimization is carried out according to the generalized criterion of structural stability, the form of which takes into account the features of the optimized object and the direction of the change in properties.
INFORMATICS, COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
The problem of planning the motion path of an unmanned vehicle is presented in the article. The results of development and the software implementation, and the research of the algorithm for constructing quasi- optimal trajectory of an unmanned vehicle in a known environment are shown. The RRT standard algorithm as the basis for the path construction between two points is used in the article. To improve the efficiency, the basic algorithm of the following modifications such as the orientation to the finish point, the removal of intermediate vertices are introduced. The orientation to the finish point allows to check the possibility of the direct connection to the last point which could be found by the RRT algorithm. The orientation also reduces the trajectory searching, because the basic RRT algorithm searches the point until a randomly generated point appears in the vicinity of the finish line. The deleting process of the intermediate vertices is carried out for such route sections where the trajectory could be straighten by the intermediate vertices’ removing without crossing the obstacles. The consideration of the kinematic constraints on the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, which is based on the Dubins curves is implemented in the article. As a result of all these algorithm modifications, its performance has been increased about 30% according to the computer simulation results.
ECONOMIC SCIENCES
The article is about quality management problem of economics at high education organization in the present market conditions. In the research the authors had found that all factors that affect to the process of high educational process management are divided into four main groups - the factors of the education system, the factors of educational organizations, the factors of the social environment and the factors of personality characteristics. The Bologna process, the obsolescence of the special process and the loss of personnel were attributed to the education system group. Factors of internal (financing, material and technical base, electronic information and educational environment and personnel) and the external environment (influence the learner through laws, social policy, values, norms, traditions, mass media) are refer to the group of educational organizations. Factors of the social environment include microenvironment factors, such as family and friends and other social groups, as well as macroenvironment factors such as culture, economics and demography. Personality influences to the process of management through temperament, character, abilities and motivation. The factors structure can be used like effective instrument of organizations and management in high education organizations of country’s economics in following researches.
The article presents the structural analysis of the Russia inflation in 1992 – 2017 according to Rosstat with the focus on the latest phase of development in terms of the economical sanctions. The inflation is heterogeneous in its structure, because of the different degree of elements’ coverage in the economical system and because of the diverse role of each sector in the reproduction process. Mechanisms and factors of pricing in various sectors of economy have individual features, and the price ratio between them varies according to changing power of inflation. In this content inflation can classified as systemic and local, balanced and unbalanced. The sector of inflation can be determined as drivers and outsiders of rising prices. In case of systemic inflation of the price process, structural parts of the system would be included. Balanced inflation occurs when the growth equality rates of the final products and rate of prices’ growth would be presented. Price movement through phases of growth and decline forms a sector with minimum and maximum prices.
Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of socio-economic development of Omsk region from the point of view of spatial organization. The purpose of this article is to clarify the patterns and trends of spatial socio-economic development of Omsk region, concerning the nature of their display in the last decade of this century and taking into account the spatial aspect.
Materials and methods. For realization of the research such methods as description, generalization, comparison, and the method of analysis of statistical materials were used.
Results. The main results of the research are the specification of patterns defining the spatial development of the Omsk region and associating with the settling of the population, and important industrial and agricultural component of the region economic system. In addition, six trends of socioeconomic development of the Omsk region were identified and studied. The article develops gained and described in the scientific literature, theoretical and methodological concepts, related to spatial economy and spatial organisation at the macro – and meso-levels. The article provides the author’s definition of spatial socio-economic development of the region, which refers to such an organization of population, infrastructure and industrial components, which provides them with balanced costs and demand combination with the simultaneous preservation of the territorial unity.
Conclusion. The conducted research and the obtained results allow to supplement spatial-economic research area with the approach. identifying and summarizing patterns and trends of socio-economic development of a particular region, and take into account the s
Background. The author’s vision of the strategy selection process, according to which external and internal development conditions of the region provide the possibility to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage in the adequate territorial innovation models’ formation is presented in the article.
Methods. The methodology as a synthesis of the systemic, evolutionary and spatio-temporal approaches is developed. The systematic approach allows to explore the organizational and institutional region structure, which elements are interrelated and complemented to each other. The evolutionary approach for understanding and assessing the internal system dynamics, the relationship between actors and basic units in evolutionairy internal and external environment is used. The space-time approach involves the usage of multidimensional spatial-temporal coordinates.
Conclusions. The main types of the innovative territorial models are highlighted. The features of the essential elements’ formation and the innovative infrastructure’s relations are revealed. The holistic vision of the territorial innovation models’ formation problem is proposed. The process of a center-peripheral mechanisms forming with the different regional innovation potential is considered. Also the features of their place and role formation in the process of generating and using knowledge and technology are identified. The article show that the innovation strategy development is an effective way of the competitive advantages’ development in the territories, the need for storage and the constant search for new knowledge, as well as the successful adaptation to the changing business environment are also proved in the research. The necessity to develop the innovative strategies based on the of territorial innovation models’ individualization and on the regional context is substantiated in the article.
Practical importance. The definiteness to the states of the research could be used as a theoretical model which defines the interrelations between factors and variables. It is possible to develop specific hypotheses about the success of the innovation strategy basing on this model.
In modern conditions of globalization, there is a need to introduce effective integration form in the domestic economy as clusters. Existing methods of managing the formation of cluster structures in the regions of Russia have their own characteristics in conditions of turbulence and external influences. In modern science, the issue of identifying priority system- forming elements that form the core of the development and interaction of economic entities in the region has not been adequately addressed. At present, the problems of creating an innovative instrument for managing cluster structures in the regions of the Russian Federation are becoming topical. The timber industry complex has a national economic significance for Russia. In the article prospects of organizational development of an industrial cluster are considered. The key domestic and foreign markets and the main consumers of industrial cluster products are researched. The characteristics of the current state of the industrial potential of the members of the timber industry cluster are given. Prospects for the development of the Timber Industry Cluster of the Omsk Region have been identified, which directly depend on the construction of sustainable cooperative ties. The socio-economic aspects of the formation of the timber industry cluster of the Omsk Region are considered. The peculiarities of import substitution in clusters are revealed. It is assumed that effective use of the import substitution mechanism will allow to optimize the interaction of the economic entities of the region on the basis of the priority economic cluster, which will lead to an increase in the social and economic efficiency of the regions of Russia and will help to smooth the gap between the development of the regions.
This research is relevant, because management consulting is a popular, growing activity and its demand grows each year. The article presents the management advice methods’ classification based on the consultation process’ stages. The special features of the consulting methods are determined. Also the main groups and types of the management consulting methods are identified. The conclusion about the necessity of the methods’ improving and management consulting techniques’ innovations in the Russian market is made. The existing methods of efficiency evaluation in the diversity terms of possible outcomes consulting services are viewed. The practical significance of the research concludes in the possible applying of the proposed classifications in the consulting services’ development, as well as in the results of the services effectiveness’ evaluation.
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