Introduction. The article is devoted to the topical issue, which is related to the optimization of the linear part of the conveyor with a hanging load-carrying belt. In the work briefly reflect the main scientific and design developments of this conveyor type. Particular attention is paid to the use of techniques to reduce the weight of the metal structure of the conveyor linear part with hanging belt.

Methods and materials. The authors have developed and in detail presented mathematical model of the metal structure of the conveyor linear part with a hanging load-carrying belt, consisting of the target function and the systems of limitations, which realizes modern approaches at the metal structure design, thereby reducing the weight of the conveyor as a whole.

Results. According to the results of the research, the values of stresses and deflections arising in a metal construction of linear section of various design depend on the different productivity of the conveyor with hanging belt. The procedure of optimum design of the metal linear structure with various standard size of the conveyor with hanging belt performed for the minimum and maximum value of productivity is carried out. The authors present the results of optimal cross-sections rods and diagonal rods of the conveyor metal structures.

The discussion and conclusion. It is established that the application of modern approaches, in particular optimization, to design of the conveyor metal construction allows to improve conveyor mass-dimensional indicators. 

Introduction. The article is devoted to the development of the economic-mathematical model of the technological process of the trench foundations’ construction, the indicators of which are related to the machine parameters, ground conditions and construction conditions.

Materials and methods. As a criterion of optimality, the specific energy intensity of the process, which is included in the system indicators, is chosen. Dependencies are established in the research, which determine the correlation of the economic parameters of the drilling process (the cost of the machine, the wages of workers, the standard cost parameters) and the main parameters of the machines, namely power and speed.

Results. As a result of experiments on the full-size test bench and the experimental model of the machine, theoretical dependences are confirmed, namely, the minimum specific energy intensity and the resulted costs, which are determined depending on the speed of penetration and the power used.

Discussion and conclusion. The developed technique could be used to optimize parameters and other constructions and road machinery, which are not limited to the purpose of the present research. The technique is based on determining the optimal values of the penetration rate and the amount of consumed power, corresponding to the minimum given costs. 

Introduction. The process of developing frozen soils is considered by the working equipment of earthmoving and earth-moving machinery as a research object. The main aspects of the developed mathematical model and the original method for studying the processes of spatial interaction of the excavating machines’ working bodies with frozen soil are presented. Moreover, such aspects allow to obtain the stress distribution diagrams over the surface of the working body. The nonlinear character of the stresses’ distribution on the contact surface of the working body during the interaction with the soil has been substantiated and proved.

Materials and methods. The description and analysis of the experimental results on the coefficients’ quantitative determination, which enter into the mathematical model, and also the boundaries’ establishment of their adequacy are given. The dependencies have been established to determine the experimental coefficients analytically

Results. The investigations and analysis of the results have been carried out to establish an approximating interrelation between the strength of the frozen soil development and the contact spot on the aluminum plate. Therefore, each abscissa value (the gravity center coordinates of the aluminum plate) and the values of the total normal force are quantified. As a result, good convergence of theoretically obtained dependences with experimental results is shown.

Discussion and conclusion. The carried out researches are the basis for the justifying and determining methodology for the working equipment’s optimal parameters of earth-moving machines with increased efficiency by reducing the energy intensity of the developing frozen soils’ process. 

Introduction. The work of a crane - a pipe-laying machine in difficult ground conditions has a significant influence on the process of performing the work and the mode of the machine operation. The unevenness of the microrelief is the main reason for the fluctuations in the load, often leading to emergency situations. Therefore, engineering solutions aimed at reducing the negative impact of cargo oscillations on the boom of a crane - a pipe laying - are considered in the article. Moreover, the necessity of a new engineering solution aimed at limiting the amplitude of load oscillations on a crane arm - a pipe laying - is substantiated.

Materials and methods. The mathematical model is used in the research, where the crane - pipe layer is a hinged articulated link with elastic-viscous bonds superimposed on it. Additionally, the kinematics of the links are described by the method of homogeneous coordinates; the dynamics of the links are described by a system of Lagrange Equations of the 2nd type.

Results. As a result, the following dependencies are constructed: the oscillation of the load from the coordinates of the attachment of the balancing rope to the boom and the load rope, for a range of boom with angles’ range from 30 ° to 80 °. Also the influence of the coordinates of the attachment of the balancing rope to the boom and the load rope on the oscillation of the load is determined for a fixed value of the length of the cargo rope.

Discussion and conclusion. The estimation of the effect of the coordinates of fastening the balancing rope to the boom and the cargo rope on the oscillation of the load on the boom of the crane - the pipelayer is given. 

Introduction. The article is devoted to the urgent problem of increasing the operational resource of brushing working equipment and improving the quality of cleaning. The research considers factors which could affect the intensity of the brush working element wearout and, accordingly, the economic losses.

Materials and methods. To represent the connections between the subsystems participating in the working process, the block diagram of the communal machine’s working process is developed,which include the following components : base machine, working equipment, running gear, hydraulic drive, road surface, so this diagram reflects the influence of the microrelief unevenness on the vertical coordinate of the working machine body. In addition, the mathematical model of the interaction process of the microrelief with running and working equipment is presented. Simulation is carried out with the help of the software product MATLAB with the Simulink extension. The unevenness of the microrelief of the roadway is described by recurrent equations, also the correlation functions of the random process are specified.

Results. As a result of the simulation, static and dynamic dependencies of the front and rear axes movement of the base machine, the displacement of the brush body’s axis center from the changing coordinates of the microrelief are established. Similarly,the results of the experiment confirmed the adequacy of the mathematical model of the microrelief’s interaction with the running and working equipment are demonstrated in the research.

Discussion and conclusion. It is concluded that due to the change in the vertical coordinate of the roadway, the pressure on the brush also changes and leads to the change in the frictional force pile on the roadway. Therefore, when the brush hits different obstacles the wearout of the brush increases. With a negative change in the vertical coordinate of the road, the quality of cleaning process is reduced. As can be seen,the hydraulic control system of the communal machine is designed to regulate the position in the vertical plane of the working machine body due to the road and to ensure the optimum value of the clamping force, which would increase the reliability and service of the brush. 

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific developments in the sphere of the information support of public passenger transport networks’ optimization in major cities. Currently, insufficient attention is paid to the infobase formation for the urban route networks’ optimization.

Materials and methods. The article presents the analysis of the experience for optimization of urban route networks on the basis of identified modern optimization approaches, which should be directed to the generated information support. Typical initial information to process city route networks’ optimization in qualitative and quantitative indicators, which is used by designers of the route network, is reflected. The most time-consuming among the initial information is the matrix of passenger correspondence, some methods of which are not sufficiently developed nowadays. The problems of forming passenger correspondence matrix for major cities are considered.

Results. Relevance of the information support methodology to public passenger transport route networks’ optimization in major cities and on the basis of this methodology the correspondence matrix for major cities is substantiated. Therefore, this matrix should contain all types of urban movements, detailing correspondence to the stopping point and provide an acceptable level of results. Moreover, goals and directions for further research in the sphere of information management efficient for route networks’ optimization of public passenger transport in major cities are identified.

Discussion and conclusion. The results of the investigation could be used as a basis for scientific research, which should make a significant contribution to improving the efficiency of the urban route networks’ optimization and the quality of transport services for the population, in particular for major cities. 

Introduction. Digital image and calculation of multifractal dimension spectra are carried out in the research basing on the investigation of the coatings’ topology, which are created by ion-plasma spraying on steel surfaces and used for internal combustion engine (ICE) valves.

Results. Quantitative assessment of the structural changes received on the different power modes of ion-plasma dusting is executed in the article.

Discussion and conclusion. It is concluded that complex indicators of multifractal dimensions could be used for forecasting and optimization of the ion-plasma processing modes for the purpose of anti-wear coatings on automobile parts at the repair process forming. 

Introduction. One of the directions of expenses on motor transportations’ reduction is the usage of such document as «The regulations of the fuels’ and lubricants’ expenses on motor transport» approved by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation. However, the normalization of fuel consumption is difficult due to the high probability of errors by the manual calculation. Currently, there is no methodology for determining the correction factors for taking into account the existing operating conditions for the stock of vehicles.

Materials and methods. Full-scale studies of fuel consumption on the routes of motor transport with the use of satellite navigation systems for the purpose of collecting statistical data are carried out. Moreover, the specialized software product called «The fuel consumption calculator» is developed to reduce the complexity and improve the accuracy of calculations.

Results. The collected statistics’ data allows to determine the real need of fuel and to estimate the discrepancy with pre-calculated fuel need according to Federal Standards. As a result, quantitative information is obtained and justified, which makes it possible to clarify the coefficients that take into account the operating conditions of vehicles in the calculation of fuel consumption. In addition, the usage of «The fuel consumption calculator « allows to improve the management culture, to simplify and accelerate the work of the enterprise staff with numerical data.

Discussion and conclusion. It can be concluded that the confirmed researches prove that the fuel consumption calculation program allows to reduce the labor expenditures of the vehicles’ operators on the scheduling process of the fuel and money expenses for vehicles’ transportation work. It is also easier to determine the saving or overspending of fuel due to the results of vehicles’ work on the line. The program «The fuel consumption calculator « is introduced in JSC «Vyksa metallurgical plant», CJSC «Geostroy», CJSC “Dorstroyservice”. Control measurements with the use of satellite navigation systems also allow to specify correction factors and to increase validity of norms. 

Introduction. The article provides the effectiveness evaluation of the municipal passenger enterprises in Omsk city, carried out according to the classification model of effectiveness indicators for passenger enterprises, which is developed by the authors. Indicators of municipal passenger enterprises in Omsk city, surveys of experts - heads of the Department of Transport and enterprises are used for adequate evaluation.

Materials and methods. The set of effectiveness indicators of the enterprise (carrier) is determined by the proposed classification model. The model of indexation, the Spearman and Kendall coefficients, the coefficients of generalized and positive results are used in the article. The formalized basis is a measure of effectiveness in the form of a prioritized benchmark series of the growth indicators estimation, i.е. set of ranks of the “plan” indicators.

Results. The analysis of the results of municipal enterprises is carried out in dynamics. It can be noted that with the greatest effectiveness, road transport enterprises operated in 2014, electric transport - in 2016. In 2015, most enterprises worked ineffectively, which was due to the economic situation in the region. In 2016, enterprises began to increase their efficiency, thus, there was a positive dynamic.

Discussions and conclusions. The analysis of the results determined the possibility of using scientifically sound solutions as a tool for effectiveness evaluation of the passenger transport’s systems and subsystems, including passenger enterprises. Such tool allows to perform an integrated evaluation of the passenger companies’ effectiveness for a certain period and also helps to identify deviations in work process and to manage the processes in the enterprise. 

Introduction. The following article deals with recycling of non-metallic industrial wastes for the production of heavy weight concretes.

Materials and methods. The research uses a set of standard methods.

Results. The physical, chemical characteristics and screenings gradation of the quarries Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions are explored. The compositions of effective heavy weight concretes with strength quality В22, 5-В40 based on stone screening dust and additives MC-Power Flow and Centrament Air 202 have been developed. The structural properties and construction characteristics of concrete mixtures and heavy weight concretes with stone screening dust are studied. The research demonstrates that the addition of MC-Power Flow additive to the concrete mixture in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8 % (by weight of cement) allows to reduce the hardness of the mixture from 26 to 5 seconds and promotes the creation of a tight contact zone at the surface of the aggregate. Moreover, the influence of the complex additive on the pore parameters of heavy weight concrete and on the frost resistance of samples is determined with the use of screening from rocks as a fine aggregate. Samples of heavy concrete frost resistance grade F300 are obtained.

Discussion and conclusion. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the screenings use in the composition of heavy weight concrete and the industrial approbation at the precast concrete factory of the Tyumen region are carried out. 

Introduction. Implementation of the program of development of the northern and Arctic territories is not possible without the use of the construction industry of modern materials and technologies. One of the most common and popular building materials is fine grained concrete with the chemical additives of imported production and such additives enhance the performance characteristics of composite. So the actual problem is the replacement of imported chemical additives to additives produced in Russia. For such supplements the industrial raw material, for example, saponit-containing diamond industry’s departure can be used.

Materials and methods. The river sand of the average size from the “Kenicy” mining as an astringent - portland cement CEM II/А-S of the “Mordovcement” company is used for the manufacturing of fine grained concrete. The saponit-containing material from recycled water enrichment process of the kimberlite ore is previously subjected to mechanical activation. Control and experimental samples of concrete (with a fine supplement) are prepared by standard methods. After 28 days the performance characteristics of obtained samples are described, such as the compressive strength, the frost resistance and the water resistance.

Results. As a result the usage of additives in concrete mixture, such as the superfine saponit-containing material with an average particle size of 445 ± 40 nm and specific surface of 50670 ± 10 m2 /kg, shows that the strength and frost-resistant characteristics significantly increase with such parameters in comparison with the prototypes. In addition, the introduction of mineral additives contributes to the enhancement of the brand on the resistance to penetration of water.

Discussion and conclusion. It was established that the mineral additive increases the strength of the test concrete samples by 1.6 times in comparison with the control ones. It also increases the frost resistance (from F100 to F300) and water resistance (from W6 to W10). The obtained data allows us to consider the CMM as an active mineral component in concrete compositions of the hydration hardening type. Therefore, the developed concrete mixture with the addition of saponite-containing material would allow not only to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the region, but also to receive environmentally raw materials of Russian production. The economic effect in comparison with analogues would be 26%. 

Introduction. The theoretical basis for regulating the mobility and workability of concrete mixtures and other rheologically complex bodies is rheology. The authors give a clarification of the physical meaning of the terms plasticizer, superplasticizer, diluent of cement systems.

Materials and methods. In the construction industry, suspensions and pastes are widely used to characterize the rheological properties of the cone spill, which does not always ensure the adequacy of their mobility. It has been found that the relationship between the plastic viscosity and the expansion of the cone depends on the degree of dilution of their modifying additives.

Results. It is shown that the value of cone expansion, especially in the field of moderate doses of additives, adequately reflects the rheological properties of cement systems. With large and small values of plastic viscosity, the cone decay weakly reflects the rheological properties of disperse systems.

Discussion and conclusions. Recommendations on the rational use of rasplav cone to characterize the technological properties of cement systems are given in the article.

Introduction. The article discusses the cements’ heat generation issues used in the construction of the bridge across the Kerch Strait. This question is important because of the construction in dry hot climate’s conditions.

Materials and methods. The research is conducted with the use of modern information and analytical systems, which allow to obtain the results closing to real conditions. Therefore, the research results of the cement type influence on the dissipation rate and the nature changes of its integral isothermal heat dissipation are shown in the article. The modern design complex repeatedly tested in practice while carrying out thermal calculations of concrete hardening on different massive objects is applied for the research.

Results. As a result, the recommendations by the cements of various types’ usage in construction of the Kerch bridge and other similar extra-curricular facilities, which are included in the basis of the developed technological regulations for the production of preparatory, reinforcement, formwork and concrete year-round construction, are presented. The article would be interesting and useful for engineering specialists, who work in real construction conditions, and for experts, who deal with the problem of high consumer concrete properties’ ensuring. 

Introduction. The development of efficient self-compacting concrete is an urgent task for building materials science. A successful implementation of the task can be the use of ash of rice husk as an alternative material in the production of concrete. The aim of the research is to study the influence of the organo-mineral nanomodifier on the properties of self-compacting concrete.

Materials and methods. The organomineral nanomodifier is developed using Portland cement, rice husk ash and quartz flour, which are milled together to a specific surface of 500-900 m2 /kg. Superplasticizer “Hidetal” is used to reduce the water-cement ratio. The properties of the mixture are tested for rheological characteristics. The bulk density of the samples is measured by the Archimedes method. An investigation of the concrete microstructure is carried out by electron microscopy. The compressive strength of the samples is obtained at the age of 7 and 28 days.

Results. The most effective fineness of grinding of nanomodifier is 550 m2 /kg. The maximum increase in strength and the best rheological characteristics in comparison with pure thin-grained Portland cement are achieved by the introduction of a nanomodifier in an amount of 10.5%. However, the variation in the modulus of the samples’ elasticity does not reveal the dependence on the amount of nanomodifier. The modulus of elasticity of self-compacting concrete primarily depends on the amount of coarse aggregate. Therefore, the pozzolanic reaction helps to increase the compressive strength of concrete by improving the interfacial bond between the cement paste and the aggregate.

Discussion and conclusions. Plant waste has the potential to be used as a replacement for Portland cement in self-compacting concrete that retains the mechanical and operational characteristics of the concrete mix and ready-mixed concrete. The surface area of the ash is increased by mechanochemical activation. The inclusion of ash led to a reduction in the workability of concrete, but with the help of an additional superplasticizer, these properties for all samples are aligned. An increase in the nanomodifier content leads to a decrease in the early physical and mechanical properties, while the final strength of self-compacting concrete containing a nanomodifier is comparable to conventional samples. 

Introduction. To process the experimental data, interpolation and smoothing cubic splines are widely used in practice. This task is relevant and attracts a sufficiently large number of researchers. To make contribution to the solution of this difficult problem, the author previously proposed “the shift technique”. The author sets the task of comparing such methodology with the well-known and widely used method of spline-smoothing.

Methods and materials. In this article two methods of processing experimental data at interpolation by cubic splines are compared. The first technique is based on the use of smoothing cubic splines (smoothing splines) in the processing of experimental data. The second one is based on the use of “the shift technique” based on the shift points of stitching together fragments of cubic parabolas, which are relative to the interpolation nodes linked to the experimental data. To compare the effectiveness of both methods, the Gaussian distribution (normal distribution) is chosen as the test curve.

Results and discussion. The calculated data obtained by the two above-mentioned methods are presented in tabular and graphical forms for greater visibility. It follows that the obtained calculations with “the shift technique “ at the nodes in which the greatest deviations of the calculated data from the theoretical values of the normal distribution, are observed in the article. Therefore, the possibility to reduce the error introduced into the normal distribution by an average of at least twice is discussed.

Conclusion. As a result of a comparative analysis of the calculated data obtained using the two methods, the author concludes that “the shift technique” in the test-performed program show better results that are in good agreement with the normal distribution within the error made to the test curve. 

Introduction. The article presents the role and importance of labor protection while the development of the innovation economy, as well as the prospect of changes in social and labor relations in favor of collective-contractual form.

Materials and methods. Regulation of social and labor relations in the field of labor protection at the state level is determined by the development and approval of legislative and regulatory acts, regulative and other binding documents. At the level of the federation, powers are directed to the implementation of these documents on the territories through the organization of information and explanatory work. At the municipal level, labor protection authority is not established. At the enterprise level, the administrative form of relations’ regulation dominates.

Results. The existence of the social partnership system bodies at all levels of economic activity management, the established procedure for concluding agreements and collective agreements allows to wait for the speedy improvement of the negotiation process between the employer and wage earners on labor issues. Only mutual interest in improving the conditions and labor protection of all participants in the labor process could ensure the solution of these tasks.

Conclusion. Taking into account that the working person is a source of innovation in production improvement, it could be proposed to create safe and healthy working conditions for the realization of creative ideas, and this research is considered the integral part of innovative activity. 

Introduction. The article is devoted to the rural development assessment. The research briefly describes the methodological approaches and methods of domestic and foreign authors, devoted to the problems of rural development.

Methods and materials. Emphasis is paid to the substantiation of quantitative and qualitative indicators in the original author’s methodology for assessing the level of the rural areas’ development. Indicators are selected basing on the complexity and versatility of rural development. The system of criteria is demonstrated and calculation procedure of assessment points is shown.

Results. The authors identify five basic functions of rural areas, developed and presented by the author’s methodology for monitoring the dynamic and including thirty-one indicators, which allow to assess the changes in rural area over the years.

Discussion. The approach to the implementation of the proposed methodology is considered taking into account the main components: industrial, socio-demographic, economic, environmental, administrative and managerial. In addition, it is established that to obtain reliable results, researchers need to have accessible and transparent source data. It is also concluded that the goals and objectives of the research on the rural areas’ development should be specified or measured.

Conclusion. As a result, the author method application of multifunctional rural areas’ development allows us to objectively detect the dynamics of changes, to give evaluation of their development level and to overcome the negative and support the positive trends.