Introduction. Milling asphalt concrete pavements, energy is spent on the destruction of the stone fraction, bitumi­nous bonds, as well as other factors that, taken together, do not affect the emergence of new surfaces The objective of the research is to develop and conduct a preliminary evaluation of a method for indirect determination of the efficiency of milling tools based on energy consumption analysis.

Materials and methods. Two sets of asphalt concrete granulate of type B grade 2, obtained by cold milling of coatings are used in this study. Identical milling drums with different schemes of arrangement of cutting elements were used for comparison. The use of 3D scanning technology allowed to obtain polygonal models of particles and to quantify the change in the surface area of the material during milling. For fractions not subjected to scanning, the surface parameters were determined through regression equations based on experimental data. The study was based on an energy approach that links energy consumption with the formation of new surfaces during the destruc­tion of an asphalt concrete composite.

Results. The main part of the energy (up to 99%) during milling is spent on breaking the bitumen bonds, rather than the stone fraction. A comparison of two milling drums showed that one of the two designs is 19.25% more energy efficient due to the arrangement of the cutting elements. The developed 3D scanning and granulometric analysis methodology confirmed the versatility of assessing milling processes and also identified the key factors of energy consumption: the thickness of the shavings (direct relationship), material temperature (inverse relationship), and equipment design. At the same time, the dependences for estimating the specific surfaces of stone fractions were refined, and the dependences for determining the specific surfaces of asphalt concrete granulate were obtained.

Discussion and conclusions. The obtained results make it possible to conduct the estimation of the energy consumed when removing worn layers of asphalt concrete pavements. At the same time, the developed method demonstrates accuracy and efficiency in comparison with calculation methods. This allows us to recommend this method not only for evaluation energy consumption in the process of asphalt concrete milling, but also for the milling process of other solid materials.

Introduction. Soil vibratory rollers are the most prevalent type of specialized machinery for soil compaction, owing to their versatility and high productivity. The effectiveness of soil compaction using vibratory rollers is influenced by a multitude of parameters, categorized into static characteristics (total mass and mass distribution between the trac­tion and compaction modules), dynamic characteristics (vibration frequency and excitation force), and general char­acteristics (engine power, transport and operating travel speeds, drum diameter and width). Statistical analysis of technical specifications serves as an effective tool for investigating the interrelationships among these parameters and identifying developmental trends, including those observed in soil vibratory rollers across different generations.

Materials and methods. The study analyzes the technical characteristics of soil vibratory rollers of different gen­erations. Statistical processing was carried out using Microsoft Excel software. 432 models of vibratory rollers, including 252 vibratory rollers of 3rd and 4th generation and 180 vibratory rollers of 5th generation, were scrutinized.

Results. Graphs of various technical characteristics of soil vibratory rollers of different generations vs mass of the vibratory drum modules were plotted. Regression equations and corresponding determination coefficients were derived. The parameter “linear relative excitation force” has been proposed to characterize the combined influence of the relative excitation force and the drum width of a soil vibratory roller.

Discussion and conclusion. The study presents the changes of the main technical characteristics of vibratory rollers of different generations produced over the past 20-30 years as well as certain trends in these changes during the transition between generations of soil rollers. The relatively large variation in the technical characteristics re­sponsible for dynamic capabilities of soil vibratory rollers indicates a lack of consensus among manufacturers and researchers regarding the numerical values of these parameters.

Introduction. Preliminary conducted studies have shown that water-alcohol based lubricants have a high viscosity index (more than 150 units), low corrosion influence and low pour point (below 56 ° C), which is an advantage over traditional transmission oils. This is especially important for enclosed friction units of road construction machines, which require reliable and long-term lubrication to prevent wear and prolong the service life of the equipment. These compositions also consist of environmentally friendly components, that makes them suitable for use in operating conditions with strict environmental requirements.

Materials and methods. The optimal concentration range of saturated monatomic alcohols in water has been found. This range provides maximum antifriction and anti-wear properties with the effect of maximum stabilization of the water structure. A possible way of lubricating action of water-alcohol solutions with the formation of modified layers with extreme pressure properties on the friction surface has been proposed.

Results. The saturated monatomic alcohol has been found experimentally, the solution of which, at a certain ratio with water, has high lubricating properties. The algorithm of the lubricating action of double and triple systems has been considered, and the effect of maximum stabilization of the water structure has been determined, which causes a change in the volumetric and surface-active properties of the composition.

Conclusion. The study refers to the scientific research devoted to the urgent problem of replacing mineral oils with synthetic fluids by developing new compositions of water-containing lubricants with improved antifriction and anti-wear properties, the problem solution is important as it results in increasing the wear resistance of friction units in gearboxes, worm drives, which are part of the transmission of construction and road machines, motor vehicles and other transport and technological complexes.

Introduction. The article presents methods of the theory of transport macrosystems for increasing the level of technical readiness of motor transport after an accident. The problems leading to a decrease in the efficiency of transport systems during repairs at the expense of insurance companies have been identified. A mathematical model is given to describe a transport system consisting of elements vehicles and their numerous states at the service station. The properties of the elements under the study have been described.

Methods and materials. The theory of transport macrosystems has been used, which is based on the theory of macrosystems, a well-known scientific theory. Among its tasks there are statements about the distribution of elements into subsets of states and problems of the equilibrium of the entire system. In macroscopic systems, by definition, the stochastic behavior of a large number of elements is transformed into the deterministic behavior of the system. A macrosystem is a dynamic converter of the chaotic behavior of elements into a set of behavior parameters (phase variables) forming a small-dimensional space. Therefore, within the framework of the theory of macrosystems, the basic concepts of maximizing entropy at equilibrium states of the system are used. In this case, the macrostate distribution function is selected depending on the method of filling elements of some states from the corresponding subsets; the necessary values of a priori probabilities and evidence of parametric properties of models of macrosystems with various statistics (Fermi, Einstein and Boltzmann distributions). The description of the research object is given, which is a transport system consisting of vehicles that require repair based on the fulfillment of obligations by insurance companies.

Results. The paper presents the results of calculations which have demonstrated the nature of the dependencies between the capacities of multiple states, a priori probabilities and the number of cars under repair at the service station within the framework of the theory of transport macrosystems. The distributions of vehicles corresponding to the equilibrium states with the selected initial data are established.

Discussion and conclusion. Within the framework of this investigation, the following tasks have been solved: the possibility of research based on the methods of the transport macrosystems theory to solve the problems of finding equilibrium in road transport systems after an accident has been proved; some problems have been identified in interaction between the service station and the Insurer in approving the cost of repair for damaged vehicles. Some approaches to provide interaction between the service station and the Insurer in the field of repair of damaged ve­hicles for auto insurance based on the possibilities of mathematical modeling in substantiating the methods have been proposed.

Introduction. The article considers the development of the theoretical model for the implementation of digital twins of highways and assesses their effectiveness within the traffic management system, adapting their construction principles to the specifics of Russia’s transport infrastructure.

Materials and Methods. The integration of digital twins into traffic management demonstrates its effectiveness through a close relationship with intelligent transport systems. The research is based on modern method and system analysis to the creation and application of digital twins. The authors propose a mathematical model for formalizing and evaluating the effectiveness, which integrates key factors such as: road maintenance costs, reduc­tion of vehicle idle time, fuel savings, and improved safety. Digital twins generate economic benefits through more accurate forecasting of repair and preventive maintenance work, diminishing operational expenses, and decreased need for constant personnel presence at sites. Furthermore, they also serve as a key tool for long-term planning, providing the capability to model future scenarios for the development of the transport network with minimal finan­cial investment.

Results. The study encompassed methods of predictive analytics, data from pilot projects, and approaches to creating digital twins that utilize data collected by sensor networks, video cameras, and drones. Processing and integrating this information into the unified digital platform enables real-time monitoring of changes on the roads, forecasting situation development, and making informed management decisions using tools of predictive analytics. A theoretical and economic model has been developed and formalized to assess the effectiveness of digital twins, providing quantitative justification for investment decisions. Several specific problems related to scaling these tech­nologies in the Russian Federation were identified, including an insufficient regulatory framework, the need to develop unified data standards, and a shortage of skilled personnel. A structured table outlining the development of digital twins and their key directions is presented.

Discussion and Conclusion. The research has showed that combining digital twins with intelligent transport sys­tems opens sufficient opportunities for optimizing traffic flow management, improving road safety, and increasing transport capacity. Comprehensive traffic optimization is impossible without demonstrating the practical significance of digital twins. The proposed model can serve as a basis for planning and justifying investments in the digitalization of transport infrastructure at various state and municipal levels. However, successful implementation depends on many factors and requires a complex approach, including serious personnel training at all levels, development of the regulatory framework, and creation of the unified digital ecosystem.

Introduction. All types of urban public transport in Moscow carry about 17.81 million passengers on a daily basis. As part of the large-scale transport reform realization planned until 2030, it is intended to modernize all components of the transport infrastructure. The aim of the reform is to increase the efficiency, safety and environmental friendli­ness of the capital’s transport system.

Materials and Methods. In the context of global turbulence, measures to adapt the transport infrastructure, public transportation systems, and ensure optimal traffic conditions determine the path for the sustainable development of megacities and their ability to adapt to climate change effectively. Moscow has chosen the way of decarbonization and the transition to low-carbon modes of transport electric buses. The new electric buses are adapted to the predicted climate changes, including ensuring the technical possibility of trouble-free operation in the temperature range from -40°C to + 40 °C.

Results. In the article, the authors analyze the prospects and difficulties of introducing this type of transport into the transport system of the capital, taking into account the technical, environmental and operational characteristics of the rolling stock itself and the provision of appropriate transport infrastructure. The article also shows the flow ca­pacity and dynamics of charging infrastructure development, including ultra-fast charging stations. To avoid disrup­tions in the movement of electric buses on routes, it is important to redistribute vehicles among charging stations, which will minimize the risks of downtime and queues.

Discussions and Conclusion. At the end of the article, the authors define a list of the main measures to adapt Moscow transport complex to climate change.

Introduction. this article discusses the procedure of calculation for the progressive collapse of a pipeline overpass in direct dynamics with the use of various methods for setting the initiating impact time. The peculiarity of designing pipeline overpasses in terms of their resistance to progressive collapse is related to the fact that due to the pipelines location it is often not possible to install the bracings within the overpass support frame.

Materials and methods. The calculation was performed on the basis of the SCAD Office software package with the finite element method to determine the stress-strain state of the calculation model. A study was conducted on the asymptotic convergence of the calculation model in three iterations, with a subsequent increase in the number of finite elements. The convergence was assessed based on an analysis of the difference in forces in the elements obtained during the calculation of each iteration. When calculating in a direct dynamic formulation, three methods for estimating the initiating impact time were used.

Results. The asymptotic convergence of the calculation model was analyzed, and based on the analysis results, a model was selected in which the stresses in the elements of subsequent models differ by no more than 3%. The results of dynamic calculations were compared based on three options for setting the initiating impact time.

Discussion and conclusion. Based on the research, the need was proved to study the calculation models for as­ymptotic convergence to evaluate and verify the results obtained. Conclusions have been made based on the use of three methods for setting the initiating impact time. The dependences between stresses, displacements and the initiating impact time have been determined.

Introduction. Construction of underground facilities such as pipelines, tunnels and subways in low-permeable wa­ter-saturated mobile soils is labor-intensive, expensive and dangerous. Construction dewatering systems remove a significant portion of water from such soils, turning them into stable rocks suitable for efficient excavation works. The development of mobile drainage and construction dewatering systems for pipelines, tunnels and subways can be carried out using the methodology of water and air filtration theory in urban construction, the method of computer modeling of fluid filtration and operations based on using spreadsheets, with the involvement of new artificial intel­ligence technologies and machine learning.

Methods and materials. The working hypothesis of the research is the idea of creating a comprehensive approach to effectively solve the problem of groundwater flooding during the construction of linear projects, underground pipelines, tunnels and subways in low-permeable water-saturated soils. The methods of filtration theory used in the work are divided into analytical and numerical. The analytical operator method is used to solve the problems of non-stationary filtration of groundwater in construction dewatering systems. Modeling with spreadsheets applies to several processes of construction operations arrangement. The finite difference method in spreadsheets is used to solve filtration models of dewatering systems that cannot be solved analytically. In addition, a new feature is the use of spreadsheets to model organization and technology of construction drainage and dewatering. The possibility of using self-learning recursive computer programs is considered.

Discussion. A review of domestic and foreign studies has shown that there are no publications related to the topic of the article. Certain issues relevant to this paper and referred in particular to the construction of underground pipelines, tunnels and subways have been studied. At the same time, the features of drainage of low-permeable water-saturated mobile soils are analyzed. Mobile sections of construction drainage and dewatering systems are proposed for consideration as an example, their installation and dismantling time being comparable with that of building the trench during open cut construction or the shield speed during tunneling, for example, a subway.

Conclusion. Thus, it is proposed to develop systems for mobile sections of construction drainage and dewater­ing for underground pipelines, tunnels and subways based on the new integrated approach with the use of the methodology of the theory of water and air filtration in urban construction, methods of computer modeling of fluid filtration and construction operations based on spreadsheets, as well as new technologies of artificial intelligence and machine learning.

Introduction. The focus of information modeling technologies in the road industry is gradually shifting from the design of facilities to the management of construction. Elements of information modeling technologies are currently underutilized in production due to the lack of necessary tools and methodologies for managing work progress under construction site conditions. The use of electronic technological maps can improve the efficiency and fasten opera­tional process management. To achieve this, process charts must adequately reflect actual construction conditions: equipment parameters, volumes of work along the road length, material properties, and must take into account weather factors. These challenges and the relevance of using information modeling technologies during the con­struction phase determined the purpose of this article: to develop a model and algorithm for linking process chart parameters in road construction to actual production conditions to optimize the organizational and technological process operational management with the use of information modeling technologies and calendar-network planning computer programs.

Models and Methods. This article presents a method for setting the functional, temporal, and spatial parameters of electronic process charts using information modeling technologies. At the first stage, the basic process map model is constructed as a flow structure of the technological process. The model includes system elements and the relationships between them in the form of the performed operations of element transformation from one state to another. At the second stage, the spatial structure of the model is formed by decomposing the front of work into replaceable sections (segments), with the estimation of operation duration with a determined resource provision. The information modeling technologies have been implemented with the use of project management software.

Results. Method’s application has been demonstrated by the example of developing a digital model of the typical technological process flow chart in “MS Project” and by transforming its parameters to real conditions for the high­way roadbed construction.

Conclusion. The use of electronic process charts, on a construction site improves the accuracy and efficiency of the current planning and provides contractors with up-to-date information.

The article is devoted to the mechanics of thin-walled beams. A solution to the Vlasov equation for bending with torsion of a thin-walled beam with two axes of symmetry is provided, the effect of bearing joint rigidity being taken into account.

Introduction. The current state of the issue of designing thin-walled beams subjected to transverse bending with torsion is described.

Materials and methods. The solution of the system of differential equations of stability of the plane bending form of V.Z. Vlasov for thin-walled beams under transverse bending with torsion is presented, the effect of bearing joint rigidity being taken into account. The original equations of V.Z. Vlasov for bending and torsion of a thin-walled beam with two axes of symmetry are transformed into a right-hand coordinate system. Next, from two differential equations of V.Z. Vlasov, a system of 12 equations is obtained for all calculated forces and deformations in a thin­walled beam. Boundary conditions were also obtained that take into account the relationship between forces and deformations in the support section. The results of solving the specified system of equations using the Euler method are presented.

Results. The solution of Vlasov system of equations for the stability of thin-walled beams under transverse bending is obtained, taking into account the rigidity (malleability) of the support nodes by the Euler method and the general form of the function of the angle of rotation of the cross section. The solution is obtained for beams with any support nodes, from a pure hinge to absolutely rigid nodes. The paper presents the results of numerical verification and draws conclusions on the accuracy of the obtained solution. During verification, a special case of beams of various cross-sections with absolutely rigid support units was considered. The difference between the numerical solution in the LIRA-CAD PC and the solution proposed in the article is within 12 per cent.

Discussion and conclusions. Conclusions have been drawn on the accuracy of the developed mathematical model. The difference is caused by the accuracy in determining the moments of inertia of the section for pure torsion and the stiffness of the support units.