DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF UNMANNED ROBOTIC SYSTEMS: EXPERIENCE OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN MANUFACTURERS

Introduction. Nowadays robotics is one of the most important directions of fundamental, technical, scientific and applied research. The main robotics’ challenges are to develop schemes for obtaining information about environment and the creation of artificial intelligence effective systems of the complex dynamic objects’ control in uncertainty conditions. Recently, robotics is going through the stage of rapid development, more and more covering the civilian and military spheres of human activity. The number of developed and implemented mobile unmanned robotic complexes of military and dual-use exceeds the number of robotic complexes in progress. The purpose of the research is to review the most promising samples of mobile unmanned robotic equipment used in various fields of human activity.

Results. The paper reviewed the modern developments of mobile unmanned robotic complexes applied in the agricultural complex, industrial and civil construction, and in cargo transportation. The authors analyzed promising samples of Russian and foreign unmanned robotic technology. Moreover, the authors presented factors that increasingly depended on key spheres of human activities in the development and implementation of mobile robotic systems. Therefore, the paper demonstrated the list of major programs and concepts for the development of the Russian Federation in robotic sphere.

Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the authors identify the basic elements of automated control systems, of navigation and autopilot system basing on mobile unmanned robotic complexes. The paper also reveals the concept of the foveal vision, which allows quickly and accurately detect pavement roughness and obstacles on the vehicle’s way.

1. Nguen T.N., Gol’ S.A., Pogudaev A.A. Apparatnoe obespechenie bespilotnoj sistemy upravlenija avtomobilem s mehanicheskoj korobkoj peredach [Hardware of pilotless control system of the car with mechanical gear box]. Vestnik rjazanskogo gosudarstvennogo radiotehnicheskogo universiteta. 2013; 4 (vyp. 46) Ch.3: 12–18 (in Russian).

2. Koltygin D.S., Sedel’nikov I.A. Vybor metodiki razrabotki programmnogo obespechenija dlja robotov-manipuljatorov [Choice of the software development technique for robotic manipulators]. Trudy Bratskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija: Estestvennye i inzhenernye nauki. 2017; T. 2: 46–51 (in Russian).

3. Nagajcev M.V., Sajkin A.M., Endachjov D.V.”Bespilotnye” avtomobili jetapy razrabotki i ispytanij [Pilotless cars: development stages and tests]. Zhurnal avtomobil’nyh inzhenerov. 2012; 5 (76): 32–39 (in Russian).

4. Korchagin P.A., Letopolskiy A.B., Teterina I.A. Result of research of working capability of refined pipelayer. Aviamechanical engineering and transport (AVENT 2018): proceedings of the international conference, Irkutsk, Russia, 21-26 may 2018 Volume 158. Pp. 416-420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/avent-18.2018.80.

5. Koltygin D.S. Sedel’nikov I.A. Klassifikacija sistem upravlenija robototehnicheskimi kompleksami [Classification of control systems of robotic complexes]. Trudy Bratskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija: Estestvennye i inzhenernye nauki. 2016; T. 1: 71–73 (in Russian).

6. Cherepanov P.Ju., Romanov P.A. Osnovnye napravlenija razvitija robototehniki [Main directions of the robotics’ development]. Sovremennye innovacii. 2017; 1 (15): 29–38 (in Russian).

7. Gorjachev O.V., Fimushkin V.S., Chukanov K.P. Mobil’nye suhoputnye robototehnicheskie kompleksy osnovnye opredelenija i klassifikacionnye priznaki, napravlenija i problemy v sozdanii i primenenii [Mobile overland robotic complexes: main definitions and classification signs, the directions and problems in creation and application]. Izvestija TulGU. Tehnicheskie nauki. 2016; 12. Ch. 4: 139–151 (in Russian).

8. Polovko S.A., Popov A.V. Perspektivy primenenija gibridnyh grupp mobil’nyh robotov special’nogo naznachenija [Prospects of the hybrid groups’ use of special purpose mobile robots]. Jekstremal’naja robototehnika. 2018: 25– 33 (in Russian).

9. Meshcheryakov V.A., Denisov L.A. Computer-aided design of the fuzzy control system using the genetic algorithm. Dynamics of Systems, Mechanisms and Machines (Dynamics). 2016. St. 7819000. DOI: 10.1109/Dynamics.2016.7819000