Analysis of transients in asynchronous motors of crane actuators for diagnostics of mechanical faults
https://doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2025-22-4-512-523
EDN: NDLRWQ
Abstract
Introduction. The need of transitioning from traditional maintenance methods to operational monitoring systems that enable real-time defect detection is proved. The task of improving the reliability of crane drives through early detection of mechanical damage based on analysis of asynchronous motor stator currents is set. The importance of studying the dynamics of transient processes for the development of effective diagnostic algorithms is shown.
Materials and methods. A mathematical model of electromechanical processes in the α-β coordinate system has been developed, taking into account the mutual influence of the resistance torque and the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor. The model is parameterized based on data from industrial crane drives. Numerical simulation for the study of transient processes during sudden load changes was performed in the Wolfram Mathematica environment. Equations of electrical balance, magnetic fluxes, and mechanical motion adapted for the operating conditions of crane equipment were used.
Results. It has been found that changes in the mechanical operating conditions of the drive are manifested in specific changes in the stator current parameters, such as an increase in the oscillation period when the load is released. It has been shown that the stator current oscillation period decreases by 10% when the load is applied and increases by 15% after it is removed.
Discussion and conclusion. The results obtained show the possibilities and limitations for using the stator current as an informative parameter to study the operation of the crane mechanism for its diagnostics in real time.
About the Authors
M. Y. Yilmaz
Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mikhail Y. Yilmaz – Postgraduate Student, Department of Hoisting and Transport Systems
2nd Baumanskaya St., 5, bldg. 1, Moscow, 105005
S. D. Ivanov
Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey D. Ivanov – Associate Professor, Department of Hoisting and Transport Systems
2nd Baumanskaya St., 5, bldg. 1, Moscow, 105005
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Review
For citations:
Yilmaz M.Y., Ivanov S.D. Analysis of transients in asynchronous motors of crane actuators for diagnostics of mechanical faults. The Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal. 2025;22(4):512-523. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2025-22-4-512-523. EDN: NDLRWQ
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