Study of working processes of reciprocating compressors of road-building machines

Introduction. The article presents studies of the possibility of increasing gas pressure in one stage. Reciprocating compressors of road construction machines have been investigated, for which, as for any mobile stations, the issue of reducing the weight and size parameters of process equipment is acute. In this regard, the aim of the work was to expand the range of pressures obtained in single-stage piston machines. An alternative to the use of existing compressors with lubricated flow part can be compressors with seals based on fluoroplastic compounds that do not require liquid lubrication. In this regard, an urgent task is to determine the range of pressure ratios with a limitation on the operating temperature of non-lubricated seals. The increase of the pressure in one compression stage will significantly improve the efficiency of mobile compressor units, including applied for road construction works.

Materials and methods. Based on the developed mathematical model of concentrated gas parameters, theoretical studies were carried out to determine the temperature of the cylinder-piston seals of the compressor. The article presents simplifying assumptions adopted in the mathematical model and a system of calculation equations, the main among which are the equation of the first law of thermodynamics, the equation of state, the equation of work and the equation for calculating mass flows through leaks in the working chamber and valves.

Results. The diagrams of average temperature change for single-stage machines and for the case of short-term compressor operation were obtained on the basis of theoretical studies. The temperature limit has been set at
+200 0С, which is typical for the studied fluoroplastic-based materials.

Discussion and conclusions. Promising results were obtained that showed the possibility of expanding the pressure range in a single-stage machine. In cases where strict conditions for gas temperature are not required, the pressure ratio in such compressors can reach 16. In this case, the receiver volume can be reduced to 44%. The option with short-term compressor operation from 15 to 45 minutes has also studied, where the range of the pressure ratio can be increased to 28 ... 30, but the compressor cooling time must not be less than 1 hour.

1. Kotlov A.A., Burakov A.V. Mathematical modeling of the operation of a mobile compressor station during repairs of the linear part of the MGP. Neftegaz. 2021; 3: 25–28. (in Russ.)

2. Filatov A.A., Veliyulin I.I., Khasanov R.R., Shafikov G.A. Increasing the efficiency of gas transportation by modeling the operation of a mobile compressor station. Neftegaz. 2018; 9: 62–66. (in Russ.)

3. Yusha V.L. Reducing the weight and size parameters of heat exchange equipment of mobile compressor units Chemical and petroleum engineering. 2006; 4: 24–26. (in Russ.)

4. Yusha V.L. Cooling and gas distribution systems of positive displacement compressors. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2006: 286. (in Russ.)

5. Prilutsky I.K., Kazimirov A.V., Molodova Yu.I., Galyaev P.O. The stress-deformed state of reciprocating expander stage with non-metallic cylinder body. Kompressornaja tehnika i pnevmatika. 2019; 1: 24–30. (in Russ.)

6. Yusha V.L. Theoretical assessment of the effectiveness of application single-stage long-stroke piston compressors in refrigeration and hydrocarbon gas liquefaction systems. Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series «Aviation-Rocket and Power Engineering». 2024; Vol. 8, No. 1: 17–24. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.25206/2588-0373-2024-8-1-17–24. EDN: SWSUHV.

7. Yusha V.L., Busarov S.S., Nedovenchany A.V. The analysis of temperature regime of low-speed stage with change in ratio of time and return stroke of piston. Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series «Aviation-Rocket and Power Engineering». 2018; 2, No. 4: 21–26. (in Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.25206/2588-0373-2018-2-4-21-28

8. John MacLaren F.T., Kerr S.V., Tramcheck A.B. “Modelling of compressors and valves. Proceedings Institute of Refrideration. London. 1974–1975.

9. Prilutskiy I. K., Molodova Ju. I., Galyaev P. O., Snazin A. A., Molodov M. A., Ivanova I. L. Peculiarities of heat exchange processes in the stages of small-scale machines of volume action with different mechanisms of movement. Vestnik Mezhdunarodnoi akademii kholoda. 2017; 4: 30–40. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.21047/1606-4313-2017-16-4-30-40

10. Kotlov A.A. Mathematical analysis of operation of a two-stage pressurized compressor designed to compress methane. St. Petersburg polytechnic university journal of engineering science and technology. 2018; 24(04): 51–60. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.18721/JEST.24405.

11. Kuznetsov L.G., Molodova Yu.I., Prilutsky A.I. Increasing the tightness of piston compressors and expanders. Refrigeration Technology. 1999; 9: 24–25. (in Russ.)

12. Shcherba V.E., Dorofeev E.A. Determination of the areas of the main operational parameters of a reciprocating hybrid power machine with regenerative heat exchange. BMSTU Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2022; 11: 69–77. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2022-11-69-77.

13. Yusha V.L., Korneev S.V., Busarov S.S., Novikov D.G. Cooling systems of compressor equipment of road construction machines and automotive equipment for operation in Siberia and the Far North. Vestnik SibADI. 2008; 7: 80–83. (in Russ.)

14. Busarov S.S., Vasiliev V.K., Busarov I.S. Parametric analysis of working processes of low-speed long-stroke lubrication-free piston compressor stages based on a verified calculation methodology. Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series: Devices, Machines and Technologies. 2017; 4 (154): 40–44. (in Russ.)

15. Kotlov, A.A., Burakov, A.V. (2019). Comparative analysis of the operation of a single-stage piston compressor compressing various gases. OMSK SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. Series “Aviation, Rocket and Power Engineering”, 3(4), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.25206/2588-0373-2019-3-4-26-35.

16. Busarov S.S., Bakulin K.A. Increasing the performance of lubrication-free, low-flow, low-speed, medium- and high-pressure reciprocating compressors. Global Energy. 2024; 30 (01): 82–90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18721/JEST.30104

17. Busarov S.S., Bakulin K.A., Sinicin N.G. Enhancing the performance of reciprocating compressors. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering. Chem Petrol Eng. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10556-024-01291-z.

18. Busarov S.S., Sinitsin N.G. Creation of multi-chamber piston compressors. Kompressornaja tehnika i pnevmatika. 2024; 1: 2–5. (in Russ.)

19. Busarov S.S., Nedovenchany A.V., Sinitsyn N.G., Bakulin K.A. Prospects for increasing the productivity of piston compressors. Izvestiya Tula State University” (Izvestiya TulGU). 2023; 11: 579–580. (in Russ.)

20. Nedovenchany A.V., Bakulin K.A., Sinitsyn N.G. Application of multi-cylinder compressor machines based on low-consumption piston compressor stages at continuous production enterprises Kompressornaja tehnika i pnevmatika. 2022; 4: 19–22. (in Russ.)