Hazard forecasting techniques implementation in crane safety instruments using a crane anemometer
https://doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2020-17-5-584-597
Abstract
Introduction. This article describes an algorithm developed by the authors for the operation of a crane anemometer that measures the gust rate and average wind speed and determines the predicted wind speed on the basis of it. The main part. The main influencing parameters and their measurement intervals are defined for the construction of the anemometer algorithm. The method of calculation of gust velocity and average wind velocity from the data of the pulse sensor of the helicopter anemometer is presented. The method of wind speed forecasting based on the construction of an extrapolation function is given.
Results. An anemometer program algorithm with extended capabilities relative to existing analogues has been developed. The instrument not only captures the hazard at the moment, but also predicts its future development. On the basis of the analysis of wind dynamics studies, a table has been compiled of the levels of the determined parameters (gust rate, average speed and projected average wind speed) and the signals given to the operator of the crane. For each type of signal, the value of the removal delay is defined.
Conclusions. ZAO KROS Engineering and Technical Centre has made a prototype anemometer using the principles described in this article. The device meets all requirements of the regulatory and technical documentation. Further work on the improvement of the algorithm of its work will make it possible to increase the safety of technological processes carried out with the use of elevated structures.
Supporting agencies: The authors of the article express their gratitude to the staff of the Elevatedtransportation systems Department, N.E. Bauman MGTU and the team of the developers of the security devices of ZAO KROS Engineering and Technical Centre for their help, advice, recommendations, valuable comments and criticism.
About the Authors
V. A. Roshchin
ZAO KROS Engineering and Technical Centre
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vitaly A. Roshchin - Engineer of the KROS Engineering and Technical Center.
Ivanteevka.
S. D. Ivanov
N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey D. Ivanov - Cand. of Sci., Associate Professor of the Hoisting and Transport Systems Department, N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
Moscow.
A. N. Nazarov
N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexander N. Nazarov - 1-year postgraduate, the Hoisting and Transport Systems Department N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University.
Moscow.
References
1. Indenbaum A.I., Kotel'nikov V.S., Zhukov V.G. Osnovnyye prichiny avariy bashennykh kranov i mery dlya ikh ustraneniya [The main causes of accidents of tower cranes and measures for their elimination]. Bezopasnost' truda v promyshlennosti. 2005; 3: 22-29. (in Russian)
2. Antipin V.A., Yelizar'yeva Ye.N. Analiz opasnostey pri ekspluatatsii bashennogo krana [Analysis of hazards during the operation of a tower crane]. Aktual'nyye problemy sotsial'nogo, ekonomicheskogo i informatsionnogo razvitiya sovremennogo obshchestva. 2016. 21-23. (in Russian)
3. Gnibeda. I., Boyanov K., Karmanov S. Narusheniye usloviy ekspluatatsii bashennykh kranov [Violation of the operating conditions of tower cranes]. Tekhnadzor. 2015; 11: 159-160.
4. Kuznetsov F.A., Sladkova L.A. Sposob obespecheniya ustoychivosti bashennykh kranov na osnove isklyucheniya rezonansa chastot krana i vetrovykh poryvov [A method of ensuring the stability of tower cranes on the basis of eliminating the resonance of the crane frequencies and wind gusts]. Nazemnyye transportno-tekhnologicheskiye kompleksy i sredstva. 2019. 115-119.
5. Yerofeyev N.I., Podobed V.A. Rabota pod”yomnykh kranov pri sil'nom vetre [The work of cranes in strong winds]. Bezopasnost' truda v promyshlennosti. 1977; 3: 37-38.
6. Timakov V.I., Timakov M.V. Sostoyaniye promyshlennoy bezopasnosti pri ekspluatatsii gruzopod”yomnykh kranov na ob”yektakh, podkontrol'nykh Rostekhnadzoru [The state of industrial safety during the operation of cranes at facilities controlled by Rostekhnadzor ]. Izvestiya Yugo-zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: tekhnika i tekhnologii. 2017; 1: 27-41.
7. Ishchenko A.R., Yevdokimova M.S. Obespecheniye ustoychivosti svobodno stoyashchikh bashennykh kranov pri vetrovom nagruzhenii [Ensuring the stability of free-standing tower cranes under wind loading]. Trudy universiteta. Proceedings of the University. 2019; 3: 153-157.
8. Sinel'shchikov A.V., Dzhalmukhambetov A.I. Razvitiye metodov rascheta ustoychivosti bashennykh kranov [Development of methods for calculating the stability of tower cranes]. Vestnik MGSU, 2017; 12: 1342-1351.
9. Sorokin P.A., Mishin A.V., Khryakov K.S. Razrabotka i sravneniye sistem kontrolya ustoychivosti bashennykh kranov [Development and comparison of tower crane stability control systems]. Izvestiya TulGU. Tekhnicheskiye nauki . 2016; 11(2).
10. Sorokin P.A., Mishin A.V. Sistema bezopasnosti bashennykh kranov s avtomaticheskim kontrolem ikh ustoychivosti [Security system of tower cranes with automatic control of their stability]. Pod”yemno-transportnoye delo. 2017; 2-3: 20-21.
11. Sorokin P.A., Mishin A.V. Neyrosetevoy algoritm sistemy avtomaticheskogo kontrolya ustoychivosti bashennykh kranov [Neural network algorithm for the automatic stability control system for tower cranes]. Avtomatizatsiya i sovremennyye tekhnologii. 2014; 4: 7-12.
12. Sorokin P.A., Mishin A.V. Sistema kontrolya ustoychivosti bashennykh kranov ot oprokidyvaniya [System for monitoring the stability of tower cranes against overturning]. Izvestiya tul'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Tekhnicheskiye nauki. 2013: 2: pp. 325-332.
13. Obydenov V.A. Ustoychivost' statsionarnykh bashennykh kranov v usloviyakh vetrovogo nagruzheniya [Stability of stationary tower cranes in the conditions of wind loading]. Tula, 2010. 18 p.
14. Morenko K.S. Primeneniye tsepey Markova pri prognozirovanii dinamiki skorosti vetra [Application of Markov Chains for Predicting Wind Speed Dynamics]. Vestnik agrarnoy nauki Dona. 2015; 4(32).
15. Gurrera D. Stokhasticheskoye modelirovaniye prognozirovaniya skorosti vetra [Stochastic modeling of forecasting wind speed]. Nizhniy Novgorod, 2012, 16 p.
16. Podobed V.A., Podobed N.Ye. Preduprezhdeniye riska pri ekspluatatsii kranov pri vetrovykh nagruzkakh v morskikh portakh [Risk prevention during operation of cranes under wind loads in seaports]. Vestnik Murmanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2006; 3: 531-533.
17. Podobed V.A. Matematicheskoye modelirovaniye vetrovykh nagruzok na portovyye portal'nyye krany [Mathematical modeling of wind loads on port gantry cranes]. Vestnik Murmanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2006; 9(2): 318-331.
18. Podobed. V.A. Teoreticheskiye issledovaniya osnovnykh pokazateley raboty portal'nogo krana “Al'brekht” pri dinamicheskom vozdeystvii vetra [Theoretical studies of the main performance indicators of the “Albrecht” gantry crane under dynamic influence of the wind]. Vestnik Murmanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2006; 3: 522-530.
19. Ufimtsev Ye.M. Vremennoy analiz fizicheski i konstruktivno nelineynykh kolebaniy fermennykh konstruktsiy pri deystvii impul'snoy nagruzki. Chast' 1: matematicheskiye modeli vremennogo analiza nelineynykh kolebaniy [Time analysis of physically and structurally nonlinear vibrations of truss structures under the action of a pulsed load. Part 1: mathematical models of temporal analysis of nonlinear oscillations]. Stroitel'stvo i ekologiya: teoriya, praktika, innovatsii, 2015, pp. 102-106.
20. Podobed V.A. Povysheniye effektivnosti ispol'zovaniya portovykh kranov pri vetrovykh nagruzkakh [Increasing the efficiency of using harbor cranes under wind loads]. Moskow, 2007. 47 p.
21. Adzhiyev A.KH., Petrenko V.A., Kornilov YU.V. Prognozy klimaticheskikh kharakteristik dlya inzhenerno-geologicheskikh izyskaniy na zimniy period 2014 goda v Sochi [Predictions of climatic characteristics for engineering and geological surveys for the winter period of 2014 in Sochi]. Georisk. 2010; 3: 58-63.
22. Podobed V.A. Rabota portovykh kranov pri vetrovykh nagruzkakh [Operation of port cranes under wind loads]. Morskoy flot. 2006; 6: 68-70.
23. Podobed. N.Ye., Podobed V.A. Bezopasnost' proizvodstva peregruzochnykh rabot kranami v morskikh portakh pri povyshennykh vetrovykh nagruzkakh [Safety of handling operations by cranes in seaports at increased wind loads]. Vestnik murmanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2011; 3: 496-498.
24. Men'shikov V.I., Podobed. N.Ye., Podobed V.A. Matematicheskoye modelirovaniye vetrovykh nagruzok na mekhanizmy peredvizheniya portal'nykh kranov s pryamoy streloy [Mathematical modeling of wind loads on the mechanisms of movement of portal cranes with a straight boom]. Vestnik murmanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2009; 1: 27-23.
25. Novitskiy M.A., Khachaturova L.M., Kulizhnikova L.K., Matskevich M.K. Maksimal'nyye pul'satsii napravleniya vetra za ogranichennyye promezhutki vremeni na vysotakh do 300 m po dannym nablyudeniy na vysotnoy machte [Maximum pulsations of the wind direction for limited time intervals at heights of up to 300 m according to observations on a high-altitude mast ]. Meteorologiya i gidrologiya. 2007; 3: 33-42.
Review
For citations:
Roshchin V.A., Ivanov S.D., Nazarov A.N. Hazard forecasting techniques implementation in crane safety instruments using a crane anemometer. The Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal. 2020;17(5):584-597. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2020-17-5-584-597
Views:
524
Email this article 