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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibadi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научный рецензируемый журнал "Вестник СибАДИ"</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-7296</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5626</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Siberian State Automobile and Highway University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26518/2071-7296-2026-23-2-334-348</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TLWSIM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibadi-2221</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПОРТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TRANSPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод бортовой диагностики дефектов подшипников тягового синхронного двигателя с постоянными магнитами по спектру токов статора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On-board diagnostics method for detecting bearing defects in traction synchronous permanent magnet motors based on stator current spectrum</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0930-4737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Двоеглазов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvoeglazov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Двоеглазов Егор Александрович – аспирант; ведущий инженер-программист службы электрифицированных автомобилей</p><p>107023, г. Москва, ул. Б. Семёновская, д. 38</p><p>121205, г. Москва, территория Инновационного центра Сколково, Большой бульвар, д. 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dvoeglazov Egor A. – postgraduate student</p><p>38 B. Semenovskaya St., Moscow, 107023</p><p>2 Bolshoy Boulevard, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow, 121205</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egor11022d@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4163-3721</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козелков</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozelkov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козелков Олег Александрович – д-р техн. наук, проф.</p><p>107023, г. Москва, ул. Б. Семёновская, д. 38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kozelkov Oleg A. – Dr. of Sci. (Engineering), Professor</p><p>38 B. Semenovskaya St., Moscow, 107023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozelkow@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3041-9363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьяков</surname><given-names>Ф. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyakov</surname><given-names>P. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дьяков Филипп Кириллович – канд. техн. наук, доц.</p><p>125319, г. Москва, Ленинградский просп., д. 64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dyakov Philip K. – Cand. of Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor</p><p>64 Leningradsky ave., Moscow, 125319</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">f.dyakov@madi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский политехнический университет;&#13;
ООО «Инновационный центр «КАМАЗ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Polytechnic University;&#13;
KAMAZ Innovation Center LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский автомобильно-дорожный государственный технический университет (МАДИ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>334</fpage><lpage>348</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Двоеглазов Е.А., Козелков О.А., Дьяков Ф.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Двоеглазов Е.А., Козелков О.А., Дьяков Ф.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dvoeglazov E.A., Kozelkov O.A., Dyakov P.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.sibadi.org/jour/article/view/2221">https://vestnik.sibadi.org/jour/article/view/2221</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Надёжность тягового электропривода является ключевым фактором, определяющим эксплуатационную эффективность городского электрического транспорта. Подшипниковые узлы электродвигателей остаются одной из самых частых причин отказов, приводящих к простоям транспортного средства.Материалы и методы. Разработан метод бортовой диагностики дефектов подшипников качения тягового синхронного двигателя с постоянными магнитами (СДПМ) на основе анализа спектра токов статора (Motor Current Signature Analysis, MCSA) с использованием эквивалентного действующего тока трёхфазной системы для нормализации диагностических признаков. Исследование проведено с помощью имитационного моделирования в среде MATLAB/Simulink, охватывающего диапазон угловых протяжённостей дефектов от 0° до 8° и скоростей от 1500 до 8000 об/мин.Результаты. Предложенный метод устанавливает чёткие границы эффективности: максимальная скорость для надёжного обнаружения дефектов составляет 5000 об/мин. На этой и более низких скоростях в спектре тока статора наблюдается пик на механической частоте вращения ротора (fr), амплитуда которого коррелирует с угловой протяжённостью дефекта. Нормализация по эквивалентному действующему току повышает точность диагностики.Обсуждение и заключение. Предложенный метод позволяет внедрять систему бортовой диагностики без установки дополнительных датчиков, что особенно актуально для городских электробусов, эксплуатируемых преимущественно в диапазоне 2000–5000 об/мин. Разработан новый метод, впервые интегрирующий нормализацию по эквивалентному действующему току для количественной зависимости диагностической чувствительности анализа спектра тока статора от скорости вращения ротора в синхронном двигателе с постоянными магнитами и определяющий критический порог скорости 5000 об/мин.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The reliability of traction electric drive is a key factor determining the operational efficiency of urban electric transport. Bearing assemblies of electric motors remain one of the most common causes of failures leading to vehicle downtime.Materials and methods. A method has been developed for on-board diagnostics of rolling bearing defects in a traction synchronous motor with permanent magnets (SDM) based on the analysis of stator current spectrum (MCSA) with equivalent three-phase current used to normalize diagnostic features. In the study simulation modeling in the MATLAB/Simulink environment was carried out, covering the range of defect angular dimension from 0° to 8° and speeds from 1500 to 8000 rpm.Results. The method proposed sets clear limits to efficiency: the maximum speed for reliable defect detection is 5,000 rpm. At these and lower speeds in the stator current spectrum, a peak is observed of the mechanical rotor speed (fr), the amplitude of which correlates with the defect angular dimension. Normalization by equivalent operating current increases diagnostic accuracy.Discussion and conclusions. The proposed method makes it possible to implement an on-board diagnostic system without installing additional sensors, which is especially important for urban electric buses operating mainly in the range of 2000-5000 rpm. A new method has been developed that integrates normalization by equivalent operating current to quantify the diagnostic sensitivity of the analysis of the stator current spectrum depending on the rotor rotation speed in a permanent magnet synchronous motor and determines the critical speed threshold of 5000 rpm.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бортовая диагностика</kwd><kwd>тяговый электропривод</kwd><kwd>городской электротранспорт</kwd><kwd>подшипник качения</kwd><kwd>синхронный двигатель с постоянными магнитами</kwd><kwd>анализ спектра токов статора</kwd><kwd>спектральный анализ</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>момент сопротивления</kwd><kwd>предиктивное обслуживание</kwd><kwd>ток статора</kwd><kwd>механическая частота вращения ротора</kwd><kwd>эквивалентный действующий ток трёхфазной системы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>on-board diagnostics</kwd><kwd>traction electric drive</kwd><kwd>urban electric transport</kwd><kwd>rolling bearing</kwd><kwd>permanent magnet synchronous motor</kwd><kwd>stator current spectrum analysis</kwd><kwd>spectral analysis</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>moment of resistance</kwd><kwd>predictive maintenance</kwd><kwd>stator current</kwd><kwd>mechanical rotor speed</kwd><kwd>equivalent operating current of a three-phase system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tavner PJ. 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